Cosmology News - SciTechDaily

Webb Explores Cosmic Dawn: Witnessing the First Galaxies Feeding on Cold Gas

Space Telescope Science Institute — Sat, 15 Jun 2024 07:24:11 +0000

Only the James Webb Space Telescope can detect and investigate these galaxies, which were forming within dense, opaque gas when the universe was only a few hundred million years old. A team in Denmark examining archival data from the James Webb Space Telescope recently found a trio of distant galaxies that were in the process [...]

Witnessing Cosmic Dawn: Webb Captures Birth of Universe’s Earliest Galaxies for First Time

University of Copenhagen — Sat, 01 Jun 2024 03:44:17 +0000

Using the James Webb Space Telescope, University of Copenhagen researchers have become the first to see the formation of three of the earliest galaxies in the universe, more than 13 billion years ago. For the first time in the history of astronomy, researchers at the Niels Bohr Institute have witnessed the birth of three of [...]

Unraveling Dark Energy and Cosmic Expansion With an 11-Ton Time Machine

Mike Peña, University of California, Santa Cruz — Sun, 14 Apr 2024 00:12:53 +0000

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), mounted on a telescope in Arizona, has created the largest 3-D map of the cosmos, mapping over 30 million galaxies and 3 million quasars. This monumental task, a collaboration of over 900 researchers, helps us understand the universe’s expansion and the role of dark energy. We now have the [...]

Dark Energy Revealed Through Largest 3D Map of the Universe Ever Made

Lauren Biron, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory — Tue, 09 Apr 2024 20:48:13 +0000

Researchers have used the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument to make the largest 3D map of our universe and world-leading measurements of dark energy, the mysterious cause of its accelerating expansion. DESI mapped galaxies and quasars with unprecedented detail, creating the largest 3D map of the universe ever made and measuring how fast the universe expanded [...]

Peeling Back Layers of the Universe – Chilean Observatory Maps 75% of the Sky

Johns Hopkins University — Mon, 08 Apr 2024 22:16:24 +0000

The findings demonstrate a novel strategy to explore the physics and history of the universe. Equipped with unique capabilities to track microwave energy fluctuations, a small observatory in the Andes mountains of northern Chile produced maps of 75% of the sky as part of an effort to more accurately measure the universe’s origin and evolution. [...]

Challenging Conventional Wisdom – Astronomers Discover the Dual Nature of Galaxy Groups and Clusters

Estonian Research Council — Thu, 04 Apr 2024 23:01:14 +0000

A common belief among astronomers is that galaxy groups and clusters differ mainly in the number of galaxies they contain – there are fewer galaxies in groups and more in clusters. Led by Maret Einasto, astronomers at Tartu Observatory of the University of Tartu decided to look into that and discovered even more differences between [...]

The Iron-60 Enigma: Decoding Cosmic Explosions on Earth

Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf — Tue, 16 Jan 2024 23:25:01 +0000

Search for witnesses of near-Earth astrophysical events. When large stars or celestial bodies explode near Earth, their debris can reach our solar system. Evidence of these cosmic events is found on Earth and the Moon, detectable through accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). An overview of this exciting research was recently published in the scientific journal Annual [...]

Galactic Collision Captured in Stunning Detail: NASA’s Webb & Hubble Unite To Create Most Colorful View of Universe

Space Telescope Science Institute — Fri, 10 Nov 2023 09:20:24 +0000

The result: A vivid landscape of galaxies along with more than a dozen newfound, time-varying objects. When two flagship observatories unite, they reveal a wealth of new details only possible through their combined power. Webb and Hubble have joined forces to study the galaxy cluster MACS0416, located about 4.3 billion light-years from Earth. Their combined [...]

Rewriting the Past and Future of the Universe – New Research Sheds Light on the Fate of Our Cosmos

National Institutes of Natural Sciences — Wed, 18 Oct 2023 23:08:18 +0000

New research has improved the accuracy of the parameters governing the expansion of the Universe. More accurate parameters will help astronomers determine how the Universe grew to its current state, and how it will evolve in the future. Challenges in Measuring Expansion It is well established that the Universe is expanding. But with no landmarks [...]

“Should Not Have Happened” – Titanic Galaxy Cluster Collision Defies Cosmology Theories

University of St. Andrews — Mon, 25 Sep 2023 18:21:09 +0000

A collision of two massive clusters of galaxies when the Universe was half its current age should not have happened according to the standard theory of cosmology, says a new study by an international group of astronomers. The El Gordo Cluster According to the Lambda-cold dark matter (ΛCDM) standard model of cosmology, galaxies form first [...]

Cambridge Researchers Discover New Way To Measure Dark Energy

University of Cambridge — Sat, 23 Sep 2023 12:09:22 +0000

Researchers from the University of Cambridge have discovered a new way to measure dark energy – the mysterious force that makes up more than two-thirds of the universe and is responsible for its accelerating expansion – in our own cosmic backyard. The researchers found that it may be possible to detect and measure dark energy [...]

Universe Defies Einstein’s Predictions: Cosmic Structure Growth Mysteriously Suppressed

University of Michigan — Thu, 14 Sep 2023 08:21:26 +0000

Scientists have discovered that cosmic structures grow slower than Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity predicts, with dark energy playing a more dominant inhibitory role than previously thought. This finding may reshape our understanding of dark matter, dark energy, and fundamental cosmic theories. As the universe evolves, scientists expect large cosmic structures to grow at a [...]

On the Trail of a Mysterious Force in Space – Scientists Shed New Light on Dark Energy

Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich — Mon, 17 Jul 2023 06:21:45 +0000

An initial study of dark energy using eROSITA suggests that it is evenly dispersed across both space and time. Edwin Hubble’s observation of distant galaxies in the 1920s led to the groundbreaking conclusion that our universe is in a state of expansion. It wasn’t until 1998, though, when scientists studying Type Ia supernovae came to [...]

Cosmic Paradigm Shift: New Research Doubles Universe’s Age to 26.7 Billion Years

University of Ottawa — Thu, 13 Jul 2023 20:23:41 +0000

A new study proposes that the universe may be 26.7 billion years old, challenging the widely accepted estimate of 13.7 billion years based on the Lambda-CDM concordance model. Our universe could be twice as old as current estimates, according to a new study that challenges the dominant cosmological model and sheds new light on the [...]

Dark Matter Discrepancy: A Cosmic Conundrum in the Standard Cosmological Model

Kavli IPMU — Fri, 07 Jul 2023 03:05:25 +0000

An international team of scientists used advanced techniques and the Hyper Suprime-Cam to study dark matter’s “clumpiness,” finding an S8 value of 0.76, conflicting with the 0.83 value from the Cosmic Microwave Background. This discrepancy could indicate measurement errors or an incomplete standard cosmological model. An international team of astrophysicists and cosmologists at various institutes [...]

Space Explosions Just Got More Interesting: Challenging Conventional Understanding of Classical Novae

National Radio Astronomy Observatory — Mon, 03 Jul 2023 17:58:52 +0000

A researcher has discovered non-thermal emissions from the classical nova V1674 Herculis, challenging the conventional understanding of these celestial objects as simple heat-induced explosions. This rare finding, using the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), reveals more complexity in the behavior of classical novae and could provide new insights into their explosive tendencies. While studying classical [...]

Scientists Discover First Evidence of Symmetry Violation – And It Could Explain Why You Exist

University of Florida — Tue, 27 Jun 2023 01:22:15 +0000

Parity symmetry violation detected in the orientation of galactic formations could explain the abundance of matter. For generations, physicists were confident that the laws of physics were perfectly symmetric. Until they weren’t. The notion of symmetry is neat and appealing, but it crumbles under the chaotic reality of our universe. In fact, from the 1960s [...]

Invisible Architects: New Link Discovered Between Dark Matter and Clumpiness of the Universe

University of Toronto — Mon, 19 Jun 2023 08:32:42 +0000

Researchers propose in a new study that the universe’s lack of clumpiness suggests dark matter is composed of hypothetical, ultra-light particles called axions. If confirmed, this could have broad implications for our understanding of the universe and could even provide support for string theory. In a study published on June 14 in the Journal of [...]

Galaxy Clusters Unveil New Evidence for Prevailing Theory of Universe

SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory — Tue, 09 May 2023 19:22:20 +0000

Physicists from SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University have found fresh evidence supporting the Lambda-CDM model of the universe, using data derived from the structure of galaxy clusters. They observed a consistent relationship between cluster mass, central concentration, and redshift, reinforcing the validity of the standard cosmological model. The team plans to expand its [...]

Unraveling the Universe: Groundbreaking Measurement Shakes Up Physics

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) — Wed, 05 Apr 2023 02:58:12 +0000

When it comes to measuring how fast the Universe is expanding, the result depends on which side of the Universe you start from. An EPFL study has calibrated the best cosmic yardsticks to unprecedented accuracy, shedding new light on the Hubble tension. The Hubble tension, a discrepancy in the cosmic expansion rate (H0) between early [...]

Superstring Theory and Higher Dimensions: Bridging Einstein’s Relativity and Quantum Mechanics

Kyoto University — Mon, 03 Apr 2023 20:04:46 +0000

Seeing is more than believing: Holography helps our understanding of our early universe. A team of researchers at Kyoto University is exploring the use of higher dimensions in de Sitter space to explain gravity in the early universe. By developing a method to compute correlation functions among fluctuations, they aim to bridge the gap between [...]

New Perspective on the Fundamental Structure of the Universe

Institute for Advanced Study — Sun, 19 Mar 2023 17:37:46 +0000

The universe is peppered with galaxies, which, on large scales, exhibit a filamentary pattern, referred to as the cosmic web. This heterogeneous distribution of cosmic material is in some ways like blueberries in a muffin where material clusters in certain areas but may be lacking in others. Based on a series of simulations, researchers have [...]

Unraveling a Cosmic Antimatter Mystery

University of California - Riverside — Fri, 14 Oct 2022 19:33:37 +0000

Physicists invoke the cosmological collider to demonstrate why matter, not antimatter, dominates the universe. The universe was filled with equal numbers of matter and “antimatter” – particles that are matter counterparts but have opposite charges — early in its existence, shortly after the Big Bang. The universe then cooled as space expanded. Today’s universe is filled [...]

Scientists Are One Step Closer to Discovering the Origin of the Moon

ETH Zurich — Sat, 03 Sep 2022 23:41:11 +0000

An additional clue to the Moon’s origin. The Moon has always been a topic of interest for humans. But it wasn’t until Galileo’s time that researchers started to study it seriously. Throughout the course of nearly five hundred years, researchers have proposed a variety of, highly contested ideas as to how the Moon was formed. [...]