New research published in Scientific Reports suggests that a recently identified ancient snake species, named Vasuki Indicus, may have been among the largest snakes ever. This species, which existed approximately 47 million years ago in Gujarat, India, reached lengths of 11 to 15 meters (36 – 49 feet). Belonging to the now-extinct madtsoiidae family, Vasuki Indicus represents a unique lineage that originated in India.
Debajit Datta and Sunil Bajpai describe a new specimen recovered from the Panandhro Lignite Mine, Kutch, Gujarat State, India, which dates to the Middle Eocene period, approximately 47 million years ago. The new species is named Vasuki Indicus after the mythical snake round the neck of the Hindu deity Shiva and in reference to its country of discovery, India. The authors describe 27 mostly well-preserved vertebra, some of which are articulated, which appear to be from a fully-grown animal.
Size Estimation and Ecological Role
The vertebrae measure between 37.5 and 62.7 millimeters in length and 62.4 and 111.4 millimeters in width, suggesting a broad, cylindrical body. Extrapolating from this, the authors estimate that V. Indicus may have reached between 10.9 and 15.2 meters in length. This is comparable in size to the longest known snake to have ever lived, the extinct Titanoboa, although the authors highlight the uncertainty around these estimates. They further speculate that V. Indicus’s large size made it a slow-moving, ambush predator akin to an anaconda.
The authors identify V. Indicus as belonging to the madtsoiidae family, which existed for around 100 million years from the Late Cretaceous to the Late Pleistocene and lived in a broad geographical range including Africa, Europe, and India. They suggest that V. Indicus represents a lineage of large madtsoiids that originated in the Indian subcontinent and spread via southern Europe to Africa during the Eocene, approximately 56 to 34 million years ago.
Reference: “Largest known madtsoiid snake from warm Eocene period of India suggests intercontinental Gondwana dispersal” by Debajit Datta, and Sunil Bajpai, 18 April 2024, Scientific Reports.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58377-0
6 Comments
At 47 Million Year ago, the surface gravity should about 74 % of the Earth’s current surface gravity. The animal Area to Volume Ratio is 2.45^(2/3) / 2.45 = 0.741 785.
The snake at 47 million years ago would be 2.45 times the volume of a comparable snake found today. The Problem is: Which snake do you compare it to ? It would be around 2.45 times the volume times 0.74 gravity = 1.813 time the weight. You would still not want to meet this snake when it is hungry.
Why do you think gravity was lower in the past? That would have inferred that the earths distance from the sun and orbital speed would have been different than today. Seems unlikely.
Is the actual mass of the Earth greater now than it was 47 million years ago? Wouldn’t it have to be for it to influence the gravity on earth surface? Does that mean animals could dive deeper on the ocean as it would influence ocean pressure as well?
Water does not compress, I would think that regardless of the gravitational pull the only influence on depth and pressure would be the atmospheric weight. Depth + 14.7 / 14.7 == Atmospheres absolute. , I think 🤔
It came from a time before this land was called India from the descendants of the first Eve who was called Lilith who eventually migrated down to the Sumatras and then Polynesia which is mentioned in the Kumulipo which is the most ancient of genealogies which connects all the nationalities of the world 🌍 🌎
In the Hawaiian Kumulipo , Lilith is called Lilinoe but known as Lilith in the Middle East